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10+ DIY Small Worlds to Inspire Interest in Real World Experiences!

Small world play is the creation of a miniature, immersive, and often thematic
playscapes worlds using toys and natural materials, and odds and ends as a powerful, open-ended tool that aligns perfectly with STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) education. It encourages imaginative, hands-on learning that covers a range of developmental skills.

Arranging small world play involves creating the miniature, themed, and imaginative scene using small figures, natural elements, and everyday household items, such as a "jungle" made with plants, pebbles, and animal toys. It encourages children to act out stories, explore emotions, and develop creativity in a controlled environment.

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How to Arrange a Small World Scene

• Pick a Theme: Choose a theme based on interests (e.g., zoo, farm, space, ocean) or scenes from books.

• Select a Container: Use trays, cookie sheets, shallow boxes, or rugs to define the play area.

• Create a Base: Use fabric, play-doh, sand, or, in some cases, nothing at all for a simple, flexible setup.

• Add "Loose Parts" & Natural Materials: Include items like twigs, rocks, pinecones, shells, or bits of fabric and ribbon to add texture and detail.

• Incorporate Small Figures: Add dolls, animals, or vehicles to serve as the characters in the scene.

• Keep it Open-Ended: Avoid creating a rigid, permanent setup; let children move, combine, and change materials. 

Key Principles for Success

• Follow Interests: Let children select the materials or choose themes that reflect their current fascinations.

• Involve Children: Encourage children to gather items from home or nature to build their own worlds.

• Foster Development: Ask questions to prompt narrative and language (e.g., "What are the animals doing?").

• Adapt to Age: Younger children may focus on exploring materials, while older children may create complex, narrative-driven scenes. 

Here is how small world play fits into
each component of STEAM:

Science (Observation and Exploration)

• Environmental Understanding: Children explore habitats (e.g., jungles, oceans, farms) using natural materials like water, soil, sand, stones, and leaves, learning about ecosystems.

• Scientific Investigation: By adding water, ice, or sensory materials, kids explore cause-and-effect (e.g., "What happens to the arctic animals if the ice melts?").

• Animal and Life Science: Creating scenes with animals or habitats encourages learning about biology and the natural world. 

Technology (Tools and Materials)

• Using Tools: Children use tools to enhance their worlds, such as magnifying glasses to study their creatures, droppers to add water to landscapes, or flashlights to create a night scene.

• Incorporating "Tech" Elements: Simple, low-tech, or high-tech elements can be added, such as a solar-powered water pump for a pond or battery-operated fairy lights. 

Engineering (Design and Construction)

• Structural Planning: Children must plan how to build structures like fences, bridges, tunnels, or dams using blocks, sticks, or, in the case of a "Small World" game, strategically placing tokens to hold territory.

• Problem-Solving: If a structure collapses or a road doesn't fit, children iterate on their designs to fix it. 

Art (Creativity and Design)

• Scene Composition: Children act as designers, arranging materials to create a visually appealing, miniature landscape that brings their imagination to life.

• Visual Aesthetics: The use of colors, textures, and materials (e.g., iridescent cellophane for water) allows for artistic expression.

• Storytelling: Small world play is rooted in creating narratives, fostering creative writing and dramatic play skills. 

Mathematics (Shapes, Counting, and Logic)

• Spatial Awareness: Children learn about size, scale, and spatial relationships (e.g., "This animal is too big for the cave," "This bridge needs to be longer").

• Counting and Sorting: Children often organize, sort, and count their materials, such as grouping animals by species or counting, for example, "How many coins do I have?".

• Strategy and Logic: Similar to the Small World board game, children use logic to determine the best placement for their items to "conquer" or manage their space efficiently. 

By intentionally choosing materials based on themes (movies, books, nature), small world play serves as a rich, hands-on medium for exploring complex STEAM concepts in a fun, accessible way.

There are boundless ideas for small worlds! I sometimes intentionally created STEAM based small worlds with ecosystems, living organisms and characters my toddler was already familiar with based on her outdoor exposure, learning from books and interactions with her environment.

Other times we created small worlds just because the process is relaxing and enjoyable. And that is also true for most STEAM, making, sculpting, building, tinkering & loose parts play. Engaging in such a joyful experience is great for connecting and bonding, as well as an opportunity to model how to use creative supplies and tools.

***Always remember that Fisher Price-Little People or other durable chunky figurines are safer for children under four.

1) Insect Small World

The National Geographic Kids Everything Insects book is a great complement to this insect sensory small world setup. It is a highly visual and informative resource book for little budding entomologists to learn about insects' habitats, behaviours and roles in the ecosystem.

I wanted to simulate the insect living environment as much as possible so I utilised nature-based elements and loose parts in my setup. Uncooked black rice was used to represent dirt and I included rocks of assorted sizes and pinecones. The insects in this small world play as realistic-looking figurines.

To create a highly sensorial play experience, I added lavender buds to mimic the scent of flowers in parks and engage my toddler's sense of smell. For fine motor practice, I added a pair of tongs for my toddler to pick up the insect figurines and examine them more closely. A child-friendly magnifying glass would be great for insect study.

For my toddler, it was like seeing insects from picture books coming to life. What is great about insect small world play is that children don't have pre-existing fears or aversions to insects. Because of that, they could freely follow their curiosity to explore and investigate elements in this small insect world.

I also like the insect small world setups from Fun A Day, Childhood 101 and Play Adventures.

2) Farm Small World

The National Geographic's Kids Farm Animals book provides an informative understanding of farm life and the types of animals living in family farms. It has strong content accompanying real-life pictures of farm animals, scaffolding literacy and vocabulary expansion in young readers.

In my setup, I used dyed uncooked green rice with the recipe from Happy Hooligans. The idea for my felt TP roll trees originated from Play At Home Mummy. I repurposed Melissa & Doug wooden food crates as enclosures and used animal figurines from Melissa & Dough farm animal set.

To extend play and learning, I did the following:

Added loose parts and  mini farm tools to encourage natural play schemas and interest in fill and dump.

• Introduced to my toddler the difference between domestic and wild animals. I added Melissa & Dough safari animal figurines set in a separate tub in the IKEA flisat table to contrast against the farm animals.

It was fun for my toddler to do pretend feeding of the farm animals and create stories about how they live their lives on the farm. We talked about how farm living for domestic animals was different from living in the wild.

I also like these realistic farm small world setups from Little World's Big Adventures, in The Imagination Tree, Pre-K Pages. For children in the oral exploratory stage, Messy Little Monster has a taste-safe setup.

3) Beach Small World

The 'Where is Baby's Beach Ball?' A book by Karen Katz introduced my baby to the concept of a beach, long before she first set foot on one.

After a few real experiences at the beach and following her growing interest in sea creatures, I scoured books that contained more facts about sea creatures' habitats and lives. The National Geographic Little Kids' First Big Book of the Ocean was a terrific find. To learn about less common sea animals like otters, manatees and turtles, I also picked up National Geographic Readers: Ocean Animals Collection.

For my beach small world setup, I used expired ground flaxseed as play sand, which has a gritty and grainy texture highly similar to real sand.

The seashells were from Michael's while the sea creatures were from Daiso (realistic sea animal figurines from Enricoo and Schleich would be more suitable). Little People or other durable chunky figurines are safer for those under four.

To provide opportunities for sand transfer, digging and filling, I included fine motor tools like a shovel, scoop and beaker.

Tips:

• Add a small teaspoon of oil for the play sand to improve moldability into sandcastles.

• With subsequent setups, try a shallow depth of sand sensory base so children could 'write' in the sand. A deeper sensory base allows children to hide items in the sand.

For children who take an interest in seashells, 'What Lives in a Shell?' book extends and explores the topic, allowing them to learn about creatures that make their homes in shells.

I also like the beach setups by Little World's Big Adventures, The Imagination Tree and Play Inspired Mum.

4) Community Town Small World

My toddler loved navigating her Melissa & Dough community vehicle set all around this DIY small community town constructed from cardboard and TP rolls (she even brought a train in!)

Roads were made using black painter's tape and markings were drawn with a white Sharpie permanent marker. A minimal crafting option would be printing road free printables from Pickle Bums.

Play tips:

• Bend the cardboard edges so vehicles that go off course stay within the perimeters of the small world.

• Include features like a slope, tunnel, ramp, garage and parking lots for children to maneuver the vehicles around town and create makeshift stories.

More learning opportunities could be incorporated into this small world play, for instance:

• Numbers could be added to parking lots to improve number recognition

• Color matching of parking lots to vehicles could enhance color learning

• Learning about vehicles that travel through the air by adding a helipad for helicopters and runway for planes

• Including a multi-storey carpark could be a great fine motor challenge and teach opposites like 'up' and 'down', 'top' and 'bottom'

• Road signs could be added for children to learn road traffic rules

• Community amenities like schools, hospitals, fire stations and police stations could be added so children could drive the vehicles to their corresponding workplaces and in doing so, learn about occupations

I also like the community town small world setups by Create with Your Hands and Buggy and Buddy.

5. Construction Site Small World

Through some construction small world play, children learn and understand the unique roles of different construction vehicles. They are also introduced to an early notion of teamwork, that these construction vehicles have to work together to accomplish a goal -- be it constructing a new building or paving roads.

For my construction site's small world setup, I applied yellow painter's tape around the IKEA Flisat table and drew markings in the middle to resemble roads. I made a tunnel underpass using a small cardboard box for construction vehicles to pass through.

While black beans would be more ideal to represent gravel or dirt, I used existing rainbow rice as my primary sensory base and added rocks and pom pom balls as additional load for the construction vehicles to move around. My toddler's construction vehicle set is from Melissa & Doug.

6. Dinosaur Small World

Dinosaurs are perennial favourites with children. The Smithsonian Kids: Digging for Dinosaurs board book is a great resource book

 with realistic imagery and information of dinosaurs, pterosaurs, fossils, and sea reptiles.

A pronunciation guide is included at the bottom of the page which is really helpful for learning how to verbalise complicated dinosaur names. My toddler enjoyed exploring the book's interactive elements like sliding tabs, spinner wheels and lift-a-flaps.

For my setup, I lined one of the IKEA Flisat table tubs with brown play dough for my toddler to make dinosaur 'fossil' imprints in.

I also sculpted dinosaur eggs using play dough to match one of the book's fun facts about some dinosaur eggs being the size of basketballs.

This was the perfect backdrop for the classic science experiment of baking soda and vinegar volcano. I made a volcano (hollow in the middle) out of play dough, placed baking soda into the hole and my toddler mixed red food coloring with vinegar to pour into the volcano.

The red sizzling and bubbling mixture oozing out of the volcano resembled lava. It provided a very memorable, visual and sensorial experience to learn about volcanoes. I talked about how dinosaurs no longer live in our world, with volcanic eruptions being a probable theory for their extinction.

7. Bakery Small World

My husband likes bread-making from scratch. My toddler likes to taste the end-product and observe the process. Sometimes, she requests to participate in the dough kneading process. To extend her interest in dough play and introduce her to richer vocabulary about her favourite carb, I created a DIY bakery small world for my toddler.

Yellow play dough was used to represent dough and tools for pretending weighing, cutting, rolling and baking were provided. Prior to the small world play, we read Playtown: A Life-the-Flap Book from which I pointed out the bakery and its role in the community -- to supply freshly baked bread to consumers.

So much went on in our activity conversation! We talked about the job of a bread chef and the bread-making process. I described the role of yeast in bread-making (it is a leavener that produces gas that makes bread rise), which became a lesson in science.

We molded, sculpted, twisted and worked on forming different types of bread using homemade yellow play dough -- bagels, croissants, white bread loaves and breadsticks.

It would be fun to challenge older children to make new bread inventions and name them!

This activity enhanced my toddler's understanding of how food is made and she really enjoyed being 'in charge' of the kitchen, issuing me instructions for meal prep, for a change. It was a great activity for boosting language development while having fun as well as fine motor skills with all the play dough manipulation.

8. Dog Park Small World

My toddler shouts "Dogs!" when she sees them out and about for walks with their owners. The Melissa & Doug Canine Companions set is one of her favourite animal figurine toys  and she recognises the 12 dog breeds.

To encourage her love for dogs, nurture her interest in and understanding of dogs, I created a dog park small world. This dog park's small world play allowed her to understand more about dog ownership, and explore relationships between people and their dogs.

I crafted a tiny makeshift leash from jewelry wire for the figurine dolls to walk their dogs. In doing so, I explained what a leash was and its use to my toddler.

We also talked about dogs' body language and how dogs communicate and express themselves (smelling, wagging their tails etc). A small ball was included in my dog park's small world setup for the dogs to 'chase' after.

This was a lovely activity for my toddler to learn more about human's best friends and how we share our world and lives with these canine companions. I hope activities like such sparks a lifelong love for animals in my toddler.

9. Honeybee Small World

Bees are important in our ecosystem and there is so much to learn about these diligent workers. I created this honeybee small world to introduce the process of plant pollination and honey making to my toddler, in a hands-on and experiential manner.

I provided a few bee figurines for my toddler to act out a honeybee's daily life -- collecting and dispersing pollen from flower to flower and making honey in the honeycombs of the beehive. Through this end-to-end activity, my toddler gleaned a better understanding of how honey is made, harvested by beekeepers, bottled and eventually sold to consumers.

Children could also learn about the life cycle of bees through this activity. Homeschool Preschool has free worksheet printables about bees for preschoolers. The National Geographic: Bees and TIME For Kids: A Bee's Life are great resource books with vivid pictures and informative text for children to learn more about bees.

10. Campsite Small World

The great outdoors is terrific inspiration and fodder for imaginative play. There's no better place for children's imagination to run wild. Here's a way to bring inaccessible parts of nature indoors -- set up an indoor campsite.

An indoor campsite small world at home allows children to pretend to live in the wild, sight wild animals and forage wild plants -- all from the safety of home. They could learn more about what it takes to survive in the wilderness -- collecting logs for starting fires, finding shelter, seeking subsistence and hiding from predators etc.

My setup was easy -- a blanket draped over my toddler's Pikler Triangle, a campfire crafted from toilet paper (TP) rolls and crepe paper and a "In the Forest" National Geographic Kids book for topic exploration and learning.

Campfire songs and stories would be a great way to wrap up this campsite small world play.

Benefits of Small World Play

• Small world play builds imagination through pretend play. Small worlds allow children to play the role of the “director” and autonomously develop their own ideas. During small world play, children get the opportunity to make logical connections in the stories they create ("The elephant is thirsty and has to find a waterhole to drink water.")

• Small world play enables learning about diverse ecosystems. Small world play allows children to experience varied environments and act out scenarios in them -- from the comfort of their home, in a safe controlled setting, that is not influenced by weather, illness, inaccessibility or geographical remoteness. Small worlds provide clear visual references and bring to life habitats and living environments children mostly read about in books. Through small world play, children could make comparisons to their own living environments, and understand diversity in ecosystems and life.

• Small world play enhances emotional development. Small worlds provide children with opportunities to re-enact experiences and learnings from their lives. There is no right or wrong in small world play and children could freely and safely explore and experiment with emotions and act out scenarios (otherwise unattainable in real life) in their small world play.

• Small world play sharpens reasoning and problem-solving skills. Children encounter all sorts of problems in small world play and have to use logic and critical thinking to find solutions (“Not all the bears fit in the den!”) They apply knowledge learnt from books about habitats and animal behaviours to create stories and situations as they play.

• Small world play fosters language development. While engaged in small world play, children take on character role-playing and vocalise what the characters are experiencing, building storytelling skills. In doing so, they might be able to apply nouns, verbs, adjectives and prepositions they know to meaningfully tell the story. Children could also associate new words learnt with tangible objects they are playing with, hearing and seeing in small world play.

• Small world play gains real world understanding. Through experimentation and manipulation of objects, children learn physical properties of objects and material science. Children get to explore concepts and connect ideas, like how a person's home is different from an animal barnhouse and dive deeper to understand the reason behind the differences.

Note

• Swallowed sensory materials present a choking risk, supervision of children is required during play.

• Be mentally prepared for mess -- mixing of sensory materials, dumping of sensory fillers etc. You could minimise mess by trying the following -- place a shower curtain or large plastic sheet under sensory table, let the activity take place in the bathtub or backyard and lay down ground rules to children e.g. no throwing or scattering of sensory materials beyond a certain boundary

Interesting Small Worlds to Try

Small world ideas are inexhaustible! These are small world ideas for other fascinating ecosystems, like the ocean:

• Floral gems and real water ocean set up by Stay at Home Educator

• Scuba diving in the ocean fun with a creative setup by Happy Hooligans

• Ocean blue spaghetti small world by Montessori from the Heart

Underwater small world under the table by

Little World's Big Adventures