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Setting the Stage for Scientific Inquiry with Stackable People Blocks

What happens when you pair three preschoolers with a table full of stackable people blocks? A child-led scientific investigation!

This out-of-the-way corner of our early childhood center is unusually quiet this morning as these friends gain insights into concepts such as gravity, balance, and weight, and build their spatial awareness skills. This is the scientific method in action!

Here’s how to set the stage for scientific investigations
like this one:

Step One: Set the stage for scientific inquiry. Build a simple pyramid like the one in the photo above to pique the curiosity of your early learners. Challenge the children to figure out how your pyramid was built. This will encourage them to ask questions and approach the challenge in ways that help build rudimentary critical thinking skills.

Step Two: Ask a question. Children often do this naturally on their own. If your early learners are stumped, you can suggest a question to guide their inquiry-based learning.

The question posed by my scientific explorers this morning is a simple one: “How did she do that?“ They try to answer this question by building their own pyramids, using my pyramid as their guide.

Through this hands-on activity, they work their way through the scientific method at their own pace and in their own way.

Their steps may be in a different order, and each child’s scientific process may not include every step, but this isn’t a fifth-grade science test. It is a simple exercise in playful curiosity that will help build their understanding of scientific concepts and lay the foundation for later STEM adventures.

Play is essential to brain development in early childhood as children develop language and thinking skills through inquiry-based learning and build other important skills, such as sharing ideas (collaboration), testing simple hypotheses, and experimenting with solutions.

Step Three: Form a hypothesis or testable explanation. When you give children ample time to explore, investigate, and form hypotheses about possible solutions to problems, the learning becomes even more relevant.

When one stacking technique fails, encourage your early learners to discuss why it didn’t work and what might work better. Each hypothesis will serve as a starting point for further investigation.

Step Four: Make a prediction based on each hypothesis. This pyramid design requires precise block placement for balance.

Encourage your early learners to make predictions about their proposed stacking strategies. Ask: “What do you think will happen if we stack the people blocks this way?“

Step Five: Test the prediction. As the children test out their predictions and draw conclusions, they will develop important life skills and traits such as self-control, patience, persistence, and resilience.

Step Six: Document the process. Don’t miss this chance to document the learning goals that the children meet while engaging in this activity and match these goals with early learning standards to share with parents and administrators.

Did these young STEM explorers work their way through the scientific method? Yes, they did!

Children are more likely to “learn” science when it meets them at their level. When children have ample opportunities to engage in block play, they naturally develop better focusing skills and longer attention spans.

We often hear that block play fosters the development of fine motor skills, coordination, and other areas of physical development. But you rarely hear educators talk about the executive function and self-regulation skills that children develop through block play.

Block play is especially good for spatial learning because it allows children to arrange objects and see what happens.

Each pyramid that rises and falls is an investigation into how things work in the physical world.

Block play provides plenty of opportunities for children to learn from their mistakes and develop resilience. There is no time limit and no pressure to get it right. If the structure collapses, children determine the cause, make adjustments, and try again. This process of trial and error teaches children that mistakes are a part of the learning journey.

Do these moments in play count as “teaching science”? Absolutely! This is what science learning looks like in early childhood education.

Ready to engage in more stacking adventures? Check out this Engineering Design: Skyscraper Challenge lesson plan on our Early Science Matters FIND A LESSON page.


Hopeful Art & Building Inquiries

This may contain: there are many different pictures with the words color experiments steam

OurHopeful ArtHopeful Art For Babies and Hopeful Art Collage principles were developed in the 1980's when I was working as a program director for the YMCA of Denver. It was used to challenge the fourth graders and up. I would set out a base to work on, an art tool to work with (Like scizzors, paint etc,) brushes, and a few (Up to 3) suppplies (Like paint, glitter, Mod-podge, playdough etc.) The idea was That they needed to use the supplies on the table in an art project. However they could add more supplies or tools from the art corner. So it really was an experiment and kids could throw a project away at any point and modify their plan and begin again. 

Now I had alot of fun with this. My gifted students and my students with Downs Syndrome absolutely loved it as well. So good luck as you try this with your kids. I hope you love it too. 

You can use the scientific method in art by systematically approaching a project through observation, questioning, forming a hypothesis, experimenting, and analyzing the results to create, refine, and understand your work. Instead of a rigid process, think of it as a cycle of creating, checking, and adjusting that helps an artist improve their craft and achieve a specific vision.

1. Ask a question or state a purpose

  • What to do: Begin by defining a problem or a question you want to explore with your art. This could be anything from how to best portray a certain emotion to exploring a new material.

  • Example: "How can I use color to create a sense of depth in this landscape painting?". 

2. Conduct research and form a hypothesis 

  • What to do: Look into your question. Observe other artists, study color theory, or analyze the materials you plan to use. Based on your research, form a testable hypothesis.

  • Example: "Hypothesis: By using cooler colors in the background and warmer, more saturated colors in the foreground, I can create the illusion of depth." 

3. Experiment and collect data

  • What to do: Execute your plan to test the hypothesis. Create a series of small sketches or color swatches, trying different approaches to your question. Document your process and results.

  • Example: Paint the same background multiple times, each time varying the amount and placement of warm and cool colors. Take notes on which versions effectively create the desired depth. 

4. Analyze and conclude

  • What to do: Look at the results of your experiment. Compare your outcomes to your initial hypothesis. Analyze what worked, what didn't, and why.

  • Example: Compare the different versions of the landscape. Determine which one best achieves the illusion of depth and note the specific techniques that were most successful. 

5. Act and adjust (repeat)

  • What to do: Use what you've learned to inform your next piece or to refine the current one. The scientific method in art is often a cycle; a conclusion from one project can lead to a new question or hypothesis for the next.

  • Example: Apply your findings to a larger painting, adjusting the color palette based on your experimental results. Your next project might be "How can I combine my new knowledge of color and depth with my understanding of light?". 

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Incredible Baby STEAM

INFANT- TODDLER STEAM & SCIENCE

Fabulous Physics for Babies and More

Kitchen Science STEAM

Easy STEAM

STEAM Activities and Storybooks- Age 1-3

STEAM -Positive Technology Usage


STEAM Activities for Construction & Building

You can use the scientific method in block play by turning a child's building challenges into experiments : first, observe the problem (e.g., a tower falling) and ask a question ("Why did it fall?"). Next, make a hypothesis  ("I think the rug is uneven") and then experiment by moving the blocks to a flat floor. Finally, analyze the results: if the tower stays up, you've confirmed the hypothesis.

1. Make observations

  • Pay attention to what is happening during play, like a tower toppling over or a bridge collapsing.

  • Ask open-ended questions to encourage the child to notice details, such as "What do you see?" or "What did you notice about that block?". 

2. Ask a question

  • Turn observations into a specific, testable question. Examples: "Why is my tower falling?" or "Can I build a bridge with these blocks?".

  • Encourage the child to wonder and ask "what if" questions, like "What if I make the base wider?". 

3. Form a hypothesis

  • Help the child make an educated guess or prediction about how to answer their question.

  • It can be as simple as "I think the tower is falling because the rug is uneven" or "I think a wider base will make the tower stronger". 

4. Conduct an experiment

  • Design and carry out an activity to test the hypothesis.

  • For a falling tower, the experiment might be to move the blocks to a flat floor. For a bridge, it could be trying to balance a block on two others.

  • Try the experiment a few times to see if the results are consistent. 

5. Record results and draw conclusions 

  • Discuss what happened during the experiment. "Look, the tower stayed up on the floor!".

  • Help the child explain what they learned and why they think it happened.

  • If the hypothesis was incorrect, it's an opportunity to ask a new question and repeat the process to learn more. 

Building Small Worlds and Sensory Bins- Pretend Play

STEAM Activities For Small World Play

Introducing Loose Parts To Construction Play

Loose Parts-Cheap Everyday Play

Blocks and Building

Early Childhood- Blocks & Building Play

Creative Crafts with Nature's Treasures

Loose Parts Play

Exploratory Play for Babies

Exploratory Play 18 month and up

Exploratory Play 5-9 years

Constructive Play Examples

We tend to go straight to block play and traditional building sets when we think of construction play. Yet, constructive play activities also include many other options.

Expand construction play by inviting your child to experience one or more of the activities below.

Assemble an outside fort with tires, hay bales, milk crates, and other large boxes

Build an inside hide-out from sheets, blankets, tables, and chairs. Construct a tunnel from recycled boxes and other materials

Create art from natural materials found on a nature walk.

Design and build a city with wooden building blocks, train and road tracks

Engineer rivers and dams in the mud or sand with plastic pipe pieces

Inspire children to draw building ideas with a clipboard, paper, and pencil

Make something using scraps of wood and strong glue to introduce woodworking

Organize and construct an obstacle course

Sculpt sandcastles

Set up construction challenges that encourage collaboration and problem-solving

Shape something from playdough and craft materials

To this day, one of my favorite kids’ activities is building with blocks. Whether it is giant blocksmagnetic blocks, or wooden unit blocks, I love seeing my ideas come to life.

200 of the Most Incredible Lego Activities

This may contain: legos with instructions to build them and learn how to use them in the classroom

Intro to Architecture for Kids with LEGO

Why not open the world of constructive play with some building sets of your own?

Play Plates - quick and easy imaginative play on a disposable plate! Plus 2 bonus free printable play mats for dino land and farm land play

LEGO DUPLO Building Ideas {With Printable Cards!}

Let's build with LEGO DUPLO! Here are 14 super fun DUPLO building ideas to inspire kids (and parents too)! When our kids were small, our DUPLO bricks saw almost constant…

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Free Printable Building Challenge Cards.

Block Play is Important Work

Blocks and Building For Kids

NATURE AND Outdoor SCIENCE

This may contain: there are many different pictures with the words color experiments steam

Most things about Nature are somewhat orderly and/or have a pattern to them. Because of this outdoor STEAM activities allow us to explain what is going on in Nature

Using nature for scientific observation and inquiry

  • Observation and questioning: Scientists study nature by observing it firsthand, asking questions about what they see, and formulating hypotheses to test. For example, a scientist might observe an insect on a tree to understand its behavior or needs.

  • Data collection: This often involves using tools like magnifying glasses, binoculars, and notepads to document observations, or using apps to identify plants and animals.

  • Experimentation: Scientists set up experiments to test their ideas. This could be as simple as observing a bee to see what happens when a particular flower is removed, to see if the bee's behavior changes.

  • Research: They conduct research to learn from other scientists' discoveries and build on existing knowledge.

  • Applying observations: The goal is to use these observations and experiments to build logical explanations for how the natural world works. 

Using nature for inspiration in technology and engineering

  • Biomimicry: This is the process of using nature as a model for solving complex human problems.

  • Examples of biomimicry:

  • Wind turbines: Inspired by the lift generated by bird wings.

  • Velcro: Invented after a person noticed how burrs from plants stuck to their socks.

  • Spider silk: Mimicking the structure of spider silk to create strong, synthetic materials.

  • "Lung-on-a-chip" devices: Technologies that mimic the structure of a human lung to study its function.

  • Robotics: Systems like the MORPH robot are inspired by the movement of the peacock spider, while Kilobots are inspired by animal swarming behavior. 

To use the scientific method in nature exploration, first make an observation about a natural phenomenon and ask a testable question. Then, form a hypothesis (an educated guess), design and conduct an experiment to test it, and analyze the data you collect.

Finally, draw a conclusion and communicate your findings

1. Make an observation and ask a question

  • Notice something interesting or puzzling in nature, like how certain plants grow on one side of a hill but not the other.

  • Formulate a specific, testable question about your observation, such as, "Do plants on the sunny side of the hill grow taller than plants on the shady side?". 

2. Form a hypothesis

  • Develop an educated guess that answers your question. For example, "Plants on the sunny side of the hill will grow taller because they get more sunlight.".

  • Ensure your hypothesis is a testable explanation that can be supported or refuted by evidence. 

3. Gather information and design an experiment

  • Do background research on the topic to learn what is already known.

  • Design a controlled experiment to test your hypothesis.

  • Identify variables: determine the independent variable (what you change, like sunlight exposure), the dependent variable (what you measure, like plant height), and control variables (factors to keep constant, like soil type and water amount).

  • To ensure unbiased results, use tools to control the experiment and randomize your selections. 

4. Conduct the experiment and collect data 

  • Follow your experimental design and carefully record all your data. You might measure the height of plants on both the sunny and shady sides of the hill over a set period.

  • Repeat your measurements multiple times to ensure accuracy. 

5. Analyze the data and draw a conclusion

  • Organize and analyze the data you collected. A graph is a great way to visualize your results.

  • Compare the results from the different groups in your experiment. For example, compare the average height of plants on the sunny side to the average height of plants on the shady side.

  • Based on your analysis, determine whether your data supports or refutes your hypothesis. 

6. Communicate your results

  • Share your findings with others. This could be through a report, a presentation, or by simply explaining your experiment and results to friends or family.

  • The scientific method is a cycle; your conclusion may lead to new observations and questions, starting the process over again. 

For more on this topic Click on one or more of the topics below

INCREDIBLE BABY-4 RESOURCES

INFANT- TODDLER STEAM & SCIENCE

Enjoying Nature with Babies & Toddlers

For Little Makers & Explorers

Nature and Adventure Playdates with Family

Family Walks & Photography

Free Nature & Science Printables

100 Ways to Explore Nature

Easy STEAM

STEAM Activities and Storybooks- Age 1-3

STEAM -Positive Technology Usage

Nature Based Learning Guide

Discovering Outdoor Sensory Delights

Creative Crafts with Nature's Treasures

Parent Resources & Tips

Benefits of Morning Sun and Fresh Air

Birding with kids

Water Play in the Wild

Incredibly Easy Nature Program

Family Backyard Greentime

Nature Collections & How to Use Them

Montessori Style Nature Experiences

Outdoor Adventures

Easy Backyard Nature Activities

Backyard Wonderland

Nature Activities for Todays Youth

Spying on Animals in the Great Outdoors

Exploring the Beach and Shorelines

Nature Play in the Forest

Wild Water and Wetland Explorations

Nature in the City

Nature play in the parks

Seasonal Nature Play

Cool Things to do during Summer

Seasons for Babies

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Spring Nature Experiences

Incredible Fall Experiences

Summer Nature Experiences

Exploring Nature

Getting Into Nature

River and Creek Experiences

Lake Playdates And Family FUN!

Shore and Bobber Fishing

Wild Water Outdoor Play

Play or Activities at a Pond

Urban Nature Play in the City

Nature Play on the Prairie

Adventures in the Desert

Tinkering Among the Trees

Discovering Forest Collectables

Splashing in the Sea

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Catch and Release of Wild Animals

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Tweens and up

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Babies and Tots Exploring Our World

Babies in Nature

Waterplay, Hiking & Camping With Babies

Waterplay, Camping & Hiking W/ Baby Pt 2

Infants Enjoying Nature

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Backyard and Beyond Readables

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Loose Parts Play

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FLOWER ACTIVITIES

nature activities for toddlers

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All About Nature Collections

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Incredibly Easy Nature Program

Nature Play At Night

Incredible Babies up to 4

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Nature in the first six months

Incredible Baby STEAM

Babies Love Being Outside

Fabulous Physics for Babies and More

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Site Map IH

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Outdoor Adventures

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Backyard Wonderland

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Nature Activities for Todays Youth

Spying on Animals in the Great Outdoors

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Nature Play in the Forest

Wild Water and Wetland Explorations

Nature in the City

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Discover and Explore with Babies and Tots

Developing Little Tinkerers' s

Baby Play by Seasons

Play for 4 & up

Exploratory Play 5-9 years

STEAM Activities For Small World Play

  1. Build a LEGO Mini Castle and DragonJuly 17, 2023Build your own LEGO castle on a mini scale! Then construct a dragon to go with it. We'll show you how to build both! It's definitely fun to build big…Read More LEGO

  1. Super EASY (and Cheap!) DIY Castle Building BlocksAugust 3, 2018Create your own castle building blocks set! This is such a fun and open-ended homemade toy that kids will spend hours with. It's also extremely easy (even if you are…Read More 


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